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The Caribbean Islands

The islands of the Caribbean are separated into three groups based on size and location. These three groups include the Bahamas, the Lesser Antilles and the Greater Antilles.

The Greater Antilles are made up of Cuba, Jamaica, the island of Hispaniola (shared by Haiti on the west and the Dominican Republic on the east) and Puerto Rico. Among these four major islands are also a number of smaller islands that are usually considered part of the Greater Antilles. These islands are made up of continental rock, unlike those in the Lesser Antilles that are much smaller and were formed by subduction.

The Lesser Antilles, also known as the Caribbees, are a long chain of islands located around the eastern end of the Caribbean Sea. The Lesser Antilles are divided into the Windward Islands to the south and the Leeward Islands to the north. Prevailing winds in the region blow from south to north, hitting the Windward Islands first and then the more sheltered Leeward Islands.

Anguilla

Area: 102 sq. km. (39.4 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 13,500; Capital: The Valley; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Anguillan(s); Ethnic groups: Almost entirely of African origin; some of British, Americans and other Caribbean islanders; Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Antigua & Barbuda

Area: 442 sq. km. (171 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 81,479; Capital: St. John’s; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s); Ethnic groups: Almost entirely of African origin; some of British, Portuguese & Levantine Arab origin; Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Aruba

Area: 193 sq. km. (74.5 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 103,484; Capital: Oranjestad; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Aruban(s); Ethnic groups: Mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian (80%); Languages: Dutch (official), Papiamento, Spanish & English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Bahamas

Area: 13,878 sq. km. (5,358 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 323,000; Capital: Nassau; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Bahamian(s); Ethnic groups: African (85%), European (12%), Asian & Hispanic (3%), Language: English (official) & Creole; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Barbados

Area: 431 sq. km. (167 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 279,254; Capital: Bridgetown; Nationality: Noun and adjective –Barbadian(s); informally “Bajan(s)”; Ethnic groups: Predominantly of African descent (90%), White (4%) & Asian or mixed (6%); Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Belize

Area: 22,966 sq. km. (8,867 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 291,500; Capital: Belmopan; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Belizean(s); Ethnic groups: Mestizo (49%), Creole (25%), Maya (11%), White (8%), Garifuna (6%) & Other (2%); Language: English (official), Creole, Spanish, Garifuna & Plautdietsch; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

British Virgin Islands

Area: 153 sq. km. (59 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 22,016; Capital: Road Town; Nationality: Noun and adjective–British; Ethnic groups: African origin (83% ), White (7%), Mixed (5%), East Indian & Others (3%); Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Cayman Islands

Area: 260 sq. km. (100 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 45,017; Capital: George Town; Nationality: Noun and adjective– Caymanian(s); Ethnic groups: Afro-European (40%), African (20%), European (20%) & other (20%); Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Cuba

Area: 110,861 sq. km. (42,803 sq. mi.); Population: 11 million; Capital: Havana; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Cuban(s); Ethnic groups: mulatto (51%), white (37%), black (11%) & Chinese (1%); Language: Spanish; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Dominica

Area: 751 sq. km. (290 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 71, 727; Capital: Roseau; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Dominican (Dom-i-nee-can); Ethnic groups: Mainly of African descent, mixed Black and European, Syrian and some Carib Amerindians; Languages: English (official,) & French Patois; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Dominican Republic

Area: 48,442 sq. km. (18,810 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 9.2 million; Capital: Santo Domingo; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Dominican(s); Ethnic groups: European (16%), African origin (11%) & mixed (73%); Language: Spanish; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

French Guiana

Area: 83,534 sq. km.; Population (2006): 220,000; Capital: Cayenne; Nationality: Noun and adjective–French Guianese(s); Ethnic groups: Creole (70%), European (14%) & Mixed (16%); Language: French (official), French Creole & Portuguese; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Grenada

Area: 344 sq. km. (133 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 103,000; Capital: St. George’s; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Grenadian(s); Ethnic groups: African descent (82%), East Indians, Europeans & trace Arawak/Carib Indian; Languages: English (official); Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Guadeloupe

Area: 1,628 sq. km. (628 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 405,000; Capital: Basse-Terre; Nationality: Noun and adjective– Guadeloupian(s); Ethnic groups: African descent (75%), White (11%), East Indian (9%), Syrians (3%) & Chinese (2%); Languages: French (official); Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Guyana

Area: 214,969 sq. km. (83,000 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 751,000; Capital: Georgetown; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Guyanese; Ethnic groups: East Indian (44%), African (30%), Mixed (17%) & Amerindian (9%); Languages: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Haiti

Area: 27,750 sq. km. (10,714 sq. mi.), Population (2005): 8.5 million, Capital: Port-au-Prince, Nationality: Noun and adjective–Haitian(s), Ethnic groups: African descent (95%), African & European descent (5%); Languages: French (official) & Creole (official); Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Jamaica

Area: 10,991 sq. km. (4,244 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 2.7 million; Capital: Kingston; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Jamaican(s); Ethnic groups: African (90.9%), East Indian (1.3%), Chinese (0.2%), White (0.2%), mixed (7.3%) & other (0.1%); Languages: English & Patois; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Martinique

Area: 1,128 sq. km. (435 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 399,000; Capital: Fort-de-France; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Martniquan(s); Ethnic groups: Almost entirely of African origin; some of Indians & Chinese; Language: French; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Montserrat

Area: 102 sq. km. (39 sq. mi.); Population (2002): 8,400; Capital: Plymouth; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Monserratian(s); Ethnic groups: Black & White—Mostly of Irish & African decent; Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Netherlands Antilles

Area: 960 sq. km. (371 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 183,000; Capital: Willemstad; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Dutch Antillean(s); Ethnic groups: Mixed Black (85%), mixed Latin American, White & Asian; Languages: Dutch (official), Papiamento, English & Spanish; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Panama

Area: 75,517 sq. km. (29,157 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 3,320,000; Capital: Panama City; Nationality: Noun and adjective– Panamanian(s); Ethnic groups: Mestizo (69%), Black (11%), White (10%), Amerindian (5%) & Asian (5%); Language: Spanish (official) & English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Puerto Rico

Area: 9,104 sq. km. (3,514 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 3.9 Million; Capital: San Juan; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Puerto Rican(s); Ethnic groups: Amerindian decent (61%), African (26%) & White (13%); Language: Spanish; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

St. Kitts & Nevis

Area: 261 sq. km. (101 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 42,696; Capital: Basseterre; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s); Ethnic groups: Predominantly of African origin; some of British, Portuguese, & Lebanese descent; Languages: English (official); Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

St. Lucia

Area: 620 sq. km. (239 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 160,765; Capital: Castries; Nationality: Noun and adjective–St. Lucian(s); Ethnic groups: African descent (90%), mixed (6%), East Indian (3%) & European (1%); Languages: English (official) & French Patois; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

St. Vincent & the Grenadines

Area: 389 sq. km. (150 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 119,000; Capital: Kingstown; Nationality: Noun and adjective–Vincentian; Ethnic groups: African descent (66%), mixed (19%), West Indian (6%), Carib Indian (2%) & other (7%); Language: English (official); & French Patois; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Surinam

Area: 163,820 sq. km. (63,251 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 449,888; Capital: Paramaribo; Nationality: Noun and adjective –Surinamer(s); Surinamese; Ethnic groups: Hindustani (37%), Creole (31%), Javanese (15%), Maroons (8%), White (5%), Amerindians (2%) & Chinese (2%); Language: Dutch; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Trinidad & Tobago

Area: 5,128 sq. km. (1,977 sq. mi); Population (2005): 1.3 Million; Capital: Port of Spain; Nationality: Noun and adjective– Trinidadian(s) & Tobagonian(s); Ethnic groups: East Indian (40%), African (40%), mixed (18%), European (1%), Chinese & Other (1%); Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

Turks & Caicos

Area: 417 sq. km. (161 sq. mi.); Population (2006): 32,000; Capital: Cockburn Town; Nationality: Noun and adjective–None; Ethnic groups: Almost entirely of African origin; Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

US Virgin Islands

Area: 346 sq. km. (133 sq. mi.); Population (2005): 112,000; Capital: Charlotte Amalie; Nationality: Noun and adjective–American(s); Ethnic groups: Black (76%), White (13%) & Other (11%); Language: English; Source: http://www.wikipedia.org

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